Analysis and Perspective

ATTACK
on AMERICA

A HISTORY OF THREATS


Osama bin Laden couples secrecy about his life and location with warnings about his actions. Here are some of the warnings:

1988: He issues a religious decree, saying that attacks on Americans were legitimate to stop the United States from “occupying the lands of Islam in the holiest of places.”

1996: Mr. bin Laden, angered that U.S. troops have not left Saudi Arabia since the end of the Persian Gulf War, publicly issues a “declaration of war” against the United States.

November 1996: He praises the bombing of U.S. barracks in Saudi Arabia and promises that other attacks will follow. He also says his followers have attacked U.S. troops in Somalia.

February 1997: In a broadcast interview, he says that “if someone can kill an American soldier, it is better than wasting time on other matters.”

July 1998: Mr. bin Laden releases a statement warning of a “black day for Americans. … We do not differentiate between the military and civilians.” The bombing attacks on U.S. embassies in Tanzania and Kenya occur two weeks later.

August 1998: According to published reports, he has directed his followers to assassinate President Clinton on at least two occasions.

January 1999: Time magazine quotes Mr. bin Laden as saying, “If the instigation for jihad holy war against the Jews and the Americans … is considered a crime, then let history be a witness that I am a criminal.”

October 2000: After the USS Cole is attacked in Yemen, a tape surfaces in the Middle East in which Mr. bin Laden promises it is only a preliminary to new strikes.

April 2001: Mr. bin Laden, in a statement, tells hard-line Islamic activists to prepare the next generation for holy war. “I appeal to you to teach Muslims that there is no honor except in jihad in the way of God,” he says.

May 2001: He vows retaliation after four of his alleged operatives are convicted in New York for their roles in the 1998 embassy bombings in Africa. Two of the bombers were scheduled to be sentenced Wednesday in New York. In making the threat, Mr. bin Laden declares a new level of holy war against the United States and Israel.

June 2001: In a videotape delivered to a Kuwaiti newspaper, Mr. bin Laden gloats as he takes credit for the USS Cole attack and says there will be new attacks on American targets that would dwarf those he has directed in the past. “With small capabilities, and with our faith, we can defeat the greatest military power of modern times. America is much weaker than it appears,” he says.

OSAMA BIN LADEN

U.S. officials say Osama bin Laden, a renegade Saudi millionaire, is a major sponsor of terrorism.


1980s:
Joined Afghan resistance against former Soviet Union

1992: Claimed responsibility for attempted bombing of U.S. servicemen in Yemen

1993: Suspected of financing World Trade Center bombing; thought to have supplied weapons that struck U.S. helicopters during Operation Restore Hope in Somalia

1995: Suspected of involvement in bombings in Riyadh and Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

1998: Implicated in bombings of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania

Background: Saudi citizenship revoked in 1994. Thought to have at least 3,000 forces that have fought in Somalia, Eritrea, Chechnya, Afghanistan, Bosnia, Tajikistan, Yemen

Personal:
Osama bin Laden, a 6-foot-4 son of an Arab billionaire, lives in Afghanistan as a guest of the ruling Taliban, a group of Islamic extremists. A look at his life:

1957: Born in Saudi Arabia to a Yemeni family. His father, who made his fortune in the construction business, had four wives and 52 children - including some who now live in the United States. Mr. bin Laden's personal fortune has been estimated at $300 million.

1979: Joined the fight against Soviet invasion of Afghanistan; reportedly received training from the CIA, which aided Afghan rebels.

1980s: Founded al-Qaeda (The Base) to recruit forces globally for Afghan resistance; group later focused attacks on U.S. and its Mideast allies.

1991: Expelled from Saudi Arabia for anti-government activities; lived in Sudan for five years until the United States pressured Sudan to oust him.


Breaking News | U.S. Strikes Back | Bioterror |Attack Aftermath | The U.S. Response
Economic Impact | The Investigation | The Middle East | Analysis/Perspective | Military Action
Images/Multimedia | En Español | Journalist Bios